Buffalo, NY

A classic big-city science museum with dinosaur skeletons, an Egyptian mummy, and a live animal collection kids can meet up close. Explore-style studios cover motion, weather and the natural history of western New York, with staff running demonstrations through the day. The rooftop Kellogg Observatory reopens for night sky viewing on clear evenings. Exhibits mix old-school taxidermy halls with modern hands-on stations, which is a combination that works better than it sounds. A dependable Buffalo lake-effect-snow-day answer.

Four floors of play built around Buffalo and western New York themes, sitting right at Canalside downtown. Kids move water through a scale model of the Erie Canal with locks that actually work, run a mini Wegmans-style grocery, and climb a multi-story tower structure in the atrium. There is a dedicated space for babies and toddlers away from the bigger kids. Winter is peak season here because Canalside outside is frozen solid. Two to three hours and a very happy under-eight.